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Clava Cairns
Clava Cairns is an early Bronze Age site in Scotland, located east of the city of Inverness, consisting of three well-preserved cairns (two of which are passage graves) and a number of free-standing stones strategically placed for astronomical...
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Ludwig van Beethoven in 1823
An 1823 oil on canvas portrait by Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller of the German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827). (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna)
Definition
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1807-1814), also known as the War of Spanish Independence, was a major conflict of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) that was waged in the Iberian Peninsula by Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom against the invading...
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Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic Monarchs.
Painting of Isabella I of Castile (1451-1504) and Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516) entertaining their royal subjects. Unknown artist.
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Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon with their daughter Juana
This is a portarit of Isabella I of Castile (1451-1504) and Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516) with their young daughter Juana I of Castile (1479-1555). Unknown artist. 15th century.
Definition
Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan, or Fernão de Magalhães (c. 1480-1521), was a Portuguese mariner whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22 in the service of Spain. Magellan was killed on the voyage in what is today the Philippines...
Definition
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) was the last major European conflict informed by religious divisions and one of the most devastating in European history resulting in a death toll of approximately 8 million. Beginning as a local conflict...
Definition
Isabella I of Castile
Isabella I of Castile (1451-1504), was Queen of Castile (r. 1474-1504) and of Aragon (r. 1479-1504) alongside her husband Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516). Her reign included the unification of Spain, the reconquest of Granada, sponsoring...
Definition
German Peasants' War
The German Peasants' War (1524-1525) was a conflict between the lower class of the Germanic region of the Holy Roman Empire and the nobility over the feudal system of serfdom, religious freedom, and economic disparity. It was later characterized...
Definition
Social Contract
The social contract is an idea in philosophy that at some real or hypothetical point in the past, humans left the state of nature to join together and form societies by mutually agreeing which rights they would enjoy and how they would be...