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Definition
Cult of the Supreme Being
The Cult of the Supreme Being was a deistic cult established by Maximilien Robespierre (1758-1794) during the French Revolution (1789-1799). Its purpose was to replace Roman Catholicism as the state religion of France and to undermine the...
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Festival of the Supreme Being, 8 June 1794
Depiction of the Festival of the Supreme Being, 20 Prairial Year II (8 June 1794), unknown artist, c. 1794.
Musée Carnavalet.
Definition
Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (1758-1794) was a French lawyer who became one of the primary leaders of the French Revolution (1789-1799). From his initial rise to stardom in the Jacobin Club, Robespierre went on to dominate...
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Festival of the Supreme Being
The Festival of the Supreme Being on 8 June 1794, held on the Champ de Mars, marked the height of Maximilien Robespierre's power. Painting by Pierre-Antoine Demachy, c. 1794.
Musée Carnavalet, Paris.
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The People of France Recognize the Supreme Being and the Immortality of the Soul
A stamp from Revolutionary France in 1794, referencing Maximilien Robespierre's Cult of the Supreme Being. It reads: "The People of France Recognize the Supreme Being and the Immortality of the Soul".
Bibliothèque nationale de France.
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Enoch Being Taken to Heaven by God
Enoch is taken up to heaven, chalk painting by Albertus Pictor (1440-1507) in Trave 2 of Härkeberga Church, Enköping, Sweden. The painting portrays the biblical character Enoch being taken to heaven by God. He was the son of Jared, the...
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Columbarium Being Stripped Bare by 18th-Century Treasure Hunters
From the 15th-18th centuries CE, the many columbaria that lined the consular highways leading out of Rome were plundered and destroyed. Consequently, one sees bits and pieces of them cemented into the walls of villas and palazzos all over...
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The Vision of Robespierre
The Vision of Robespierre, a painting by French painter Jean-Joseph Weerts, sometime before 1927.
Musée d'Art et d'Industrie, Roubaix.
Article
Loyola's Spiritual Exercises
The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius Loyola (1548) is a manual of disciplines formulated by Ignatius Loyola (l. 1491-1556) to prepare one spiritually for Christian service. They were initially developed between 1522-1524 by Loyola for himself...
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Unam Sanctam: Spiritual Authority & the Medieval Church
The Unam Sanctam (1302) was a papal bull issued by Pope Boniface VIII (served 1294-1303) requiring the complete submission of all people, including kings, to the authority and dictates of the pope. As the Church was understood as holding...