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Corpus Juris Civilis
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Corpus Juris Civilis

The Justinian Code or Corpus Juris Civilis (Corpus of Civil Law) was a major reform of Byzantine law created by Emperor Justinian I (r. 527-565 CE) in 528-9 CE. Aiming to clarify and update the old Roman laws, eradicate inconsistencies and...
Byzantine Empire
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire existed from 330 to 1453. It is often called the Eastern Roman Empire or simply Byzantium. The Byzantine capital was founded at Constantinople by Constantine I (r. 306-337). The Byzantine Empire varied in size over the...
Hippocrates
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Hippocrates

Hippocrates was born on the Greek island of Kos in the 5th century BCE, and he became the most famous physician in antiquity. He established a medical school on the island, wrote many treatises on medical matters, and is, through his systematic...
Roman Law
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Roman Law

Roman laws covered all facets of daily life. They were concerned with crime and punishment, land and property ownership, commerce, the maritime and agricultural industries, citizenship, sexuality and prostitution, slavery and manumission...
Roman Medicine
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Roman Medicine

Roman medicine was greatly influenced by earlier Greek medicine and literature but would also make its own unique contribution to the history of medicine through the work of such famous experts as Galen and Celsus. Whilst there were professional...
Justinian I
Definition by Will Wyeth

Justinian I

Justinian I reigned as emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565 CE. Born around 482 CE in Tauresium, a village in Illyria, his uncle Emperor Justin I was an imperial bodyguard who reached the throne on the death of Anastasius in 518...
Twelve Tables
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Twelve Tables

The Twelve Tables (aka Law of the Twelve Tables) was a set of laws inscribed on 12 bronze tablets created in ancient Rome in 451 and 450 BCE. They were the beginning of a new approach to laws which were now passed by government and written...
Aethelstan
Image by Corpus Christi College, Cambridge

Aethelstan

Aethelstan (also given as Athelstan) - the figure on the left - reigned as King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924–927 CE and as King of the English from 927-939 CE. He is here depicted in the frontispiece of Bede's Life of St Cuthbert as presenting...
Chaucer Reading His Poetry to the English Court
Image by Corpus Christi College

Chaucer Reading His Poetry to the English Court

This full-page illustration depicts Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 - 1400 CE) reading his poem Troilus and Criseyde to the court of Richard II of England (1367 - 1400 CE). This copy of Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde was made c. 1415 - 1425 CE...
The Battle of Hattin, 1187 CE
Image by Unknown Artist

The Battle of Hattin, 1187 CE

An illustration from the 13th century CE Chronica majora by Michael Paris showing a scene from the Battle of Hattin in 1187 CE. On the left is the Muslim leader Saladin who faces and takes from King Guy of Jerusalem the True Cross. (Corpus...
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