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The Twelve Tribes of Israel
The Twelve Tribes of Israel refer to the sons of the Jewish Patriarch Jacob and are important for the tribal lineages of those who constituted the nation of Israel. In the ancient world, all ethnic groups developed stories of their ancestors...
Article
Interview: Ave Caesar! Romans, Gauls and Germanic tribes on the Banks of the Rhine
In ancient times, the Rhine was a major communications artery stretching right across Europe, allowing trade, contacts, and cultural exchange between different regions. Then as now, the river was of immense importance strategically for controlling...
Definition
Barnhouse Settlement
The Barnhouse Settlement is a Neolithic village located in Antaness, Orkney, Scotland, which was inhabited between c. 3300 and 2600 BCE. The present designation of 'Barnhouse' comes from the name of the farmland on which the village was discovered...
Article
Diasporic Communities in the Mediterranean & Beyond
A diaspora is a large group of people with a similar heritage or homeland who have since moved from their original homelands to another country. In terms of ethnicity, they share a common language, worldviews, myths, religious concepts and...
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Map of Celtic and Germanic Tribes
This map shows the various Celtic and Germanic tribes around circa 52 BCE.
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The Two Milliners by Signac
An 1885-6 oil on canvas, The Two Milliners, by Paul Signac (1863-1935), the French impressionist painter. This austere depiction of two milliners in a highly-organised composition was another challenge to the more traditional impressionist...
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Coffin Decorated with the Book of Two Ways
Rectangular wooden inner coffin of Sen, dating to c. 1850 BCE. The coffin sides are inscribed in ink with religious writings now known as the Coffin Texts. On the floor of the coffin is a composition called the 'Book of Two Ways,' a guide...
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Tale of Two Brothers Papyrus
A sheet of papyrus with an extract from the Egyptian 'Tale of Two Brothers' (Papyrus D'Orbiney). 19th Dynasty, 1185 BCE. (British Museum, London)
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Germanic Forces Cross the Rhine, 406 CE
Germanic forces cross the Rhine and invade the Roman Empire in 406 CE. Illustration by Zvonimir Grbasic.
Definition
Athenian Democracy
Athenian democracy refers to the system of democratic government used in Athens, Greece from the 5th to 4th century BCE. Under this system, all male citizens - the dēmos - had equal political rights, freedom of speech, and the opportunity...