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Pezhetairoi
The pezhetairoi (foot companions) were part of the imposing army that accompanied the Macedonian commander Alexander the Great (r. 336-323 BCE) when he crossed the Hellespont to face the Persian king Darius III in 334 BCE. Armed with long...
Definition
Ganges
The River Ganges, also known as the Ganga, flows 2,700 km from the Himalaya mountains to the Bay of Bengal in northern India and Bangladesh. Regarded as sacred by Hindus, the river is personified as the goddess Ganga in ancient texts and...
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Battles of Saratoga
The Battles of Saratoga (19 September and 7 October 1777) marked the climactic end of the Saratoga Campaign during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). The battles, which resulted in the surrender of an entire British army, convinced...
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Map of Niger River
The Niger River is the most important river in West Africa, and is the third longest river in Africa after the Nile River and Congo River. Known for its distinctive "boomerang" shape, the Niger River flows from the Guinea Highlands to the...
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Roman River God Arno
A Roman marble statue depicting the River god Arno (the river which runs through Florence). First half of the 2nd century CE, although the head is a Renaissance replacement. (Vatican Museums, Rome)
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Tigris, Euphrates, & Nile River Flows
Map showing the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers flowing from north to south into the Persian Gulf, and the Nile River flowing from south to north into the Mediterranean Sea.
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Transporting Salt on the Niger River
Boats transporting slabs of rock salt on the Niger River delta, Mopti, Mali. The salt comes from ancient mines in the Sahara desert.
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Nesting Least Terns on Missouri River
A nesting least tern pair in the sandbar habitat on the Missouri River below Gavins Point Dam. Yankton, South Dakota, USA. Photograph and caption by Robert Etzel.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Digital Library.
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Songhai Empire
Maximum extent of the Songhai Empire (c. 1460 - c. 1591 CE).
Note: This map is for general illustration purposes, the Songhai Empire did not extend to the Atlantic coast.
Definition
Sir William Johnson
Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet (l. c.1715-1774) was a British military officer, diplomat, and Superintendent of Indian Affairs. He was instrumental in aligning the Native Americans of New York with the British during the French and Indian...