Search Results: Mohammed jamal khalifa

The Story Begins from a Dead End August 25, 2015 was a very hot day of summer but its omen was a very promising one! That day, I was with my friend, Mr. Hashim Hama Abdulla, director of the Sulaymaniyah Museum in Iraq, walking in the main...

A Persian planispheric astrolabe showing the various component parts, including multiple inserts (known as climates). Made by Jamal al-Din ibn Muquin, at Lahore, Pakistan, in 1077. Diameter: 25 cm. The astrolabe was a device used to measure...

Mausoleum of Shajara al-Durr, sultana of Egypt (r. 1250) in the al-Khalifa neighbourhood, Cairo.

Shah Ismail I (r. 1501-1524), founder of the Safavid Dynasty of Iran, portrait by Cristofano dell'Altissimo. Uffizi Gallery, Florence.

Hall of Mirrors (Shushaband-ayva) in the Palace of Erivan's Sardar, built in 1798.

Interior of the Palace of Sardar, the former residence of Sardar, the ruler of the Erivan Khanate, image from Armenia, travels and studies, by H. F. B. Lynch, Longmas, Green, and Co., volume 1, 1901. pp. 216-217.

Abu Bakr (l. 573-634 CE, r. 632-634 CE) was an early convert of Islam; he was a close friend and confidant of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and became the first caliph of the Islamic empire – a successor to Muhammad's temporal position but...

The Rashidun Caliphate (632-661 CE) was responsible for setting up the basis of the Islamic empire and expanding its borders beyond the Arabian soil. These leaders were selected by the consent of the people and based on their own merits...

Hafez of Shiraz (also given as Hafiz, l. 1315-1390) is considered the greatest of the Persian poets and among the most famous and admired writers in world literature. He is among the most often translated poets in the present day and his...

This article documents and elaborates on the many critical behind-the-scenes events, unknown to the public, before the history leaves us. The author The bulk of the “the land between the two rivers” lies in what we call today the...