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An oil-on-canvas portrait of Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847) painted by Eduard Magnus in 1833. (Berlin State Library)

Magnus Maximus (c. 355 - August 28, 388 CE) was a Roman usurper and Western Roman Emperor from 383-388 CE. He was a prominent general in the Roman army, particularly in the province of Britain. In 383 CE he usurped the Western throne, rebelling...

Gold coin depicting Magnus Maximus (383-388 CE). Minted in Trier.

Oribasius (c. 320-400/403 CE) was the physician and political advisor of the Roman emperor Julian the Apostate (r. 361-363 CE). A native of Pergamon, a rich and powerful Greek city in Mysia, he studied medicine and oratory and belonged to...

Gildas (c. 500-570 CE) was a Romano-British monk, known primarily for a work entitled De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae, translated as On the Ruin and Conquest of Britain. Gildas' work is a polemical sermon recounting British history while...

The Norse Temple at Uppsala dedicated to Thor, Odin, and Freyr, as described by Adam of Bremen and depicted in Book 3 of the Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus by Olaus Magnus, 1555.

Roman emperors ruled the Roman Empire starting with Augustus in 27 BCE and continuing in the West until the late 5th century CE and in the Eastern Roman Empire up to the mid-15th century CE. The emperors took titles such as Caesar and Imperator...

Britain was a significant addition to the ever-expanding Roman Empire. For decades, Rome had been conquering the Mediterranean Sea – defeating Carthage in the Punic Wars, overwhelming Macedon and Greece, and finally marching into Syria and...

Marble bust of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius in a fringed cloak. One of a series of imperial busts from residence of Jason Magnus, a prominent citizen of Cyrene. Roman, about 160-170 CE. From Cyrene, North Africa. Found by Lieutenant...

A coin depicting Roman general and statesman Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, Pompey the Great. The reverse side shows Neptune. (c. 40 BCE).