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Euclid
Definition by N.S. Palmer

Euclid

Euclid of Alexandria (lived c. 300 BCE) systematized ancient Greek and Near Eastern mathematics and geometry. He wrote The Elements, the most widely used mathematics and geometry textbook in history. Older books sometimes confuse him with...
Fragment of Euclid's Elements
Image by Jitse Niesen

Fragment of Euclid's Elements

A fragment of the second book of the Elements of Euclid in Greek, discovered in 1897 at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt.
First English version of Euclid's Elements, 1570
Image by Charles Thomas-Stanford

First English version of Euclid's Elements, 1570

Title page of Sir Henry Billingsley's first English version of Euclid's Elements, 1570.
Euclid of Alexandria
Image by Unknown Artist

Euclid of Alexandria

An illustration of Euclid of Alexandria, the 4th century BCE mathematician.
Menelaus of Alexandria
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Menelaus of Alexandria

Menelaus of Alexandria was a Greek astronomer, scientist, and mathematician who lived around 100 CE. Menelaus made a significant and lasting contribution to the fields of astronomy, geometry, and trigonometry. His major work, the Spherics...
Thales of Miletus
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Thales of Miletus

Thales of Miletus (l. c. 585 BCE) is regarded as the first Western philosopher and mathematician. He was born and lived in Miletus, a Greek colony in Ionia (modern Turkey) referenced as the birthplace of Greek Philosophy because of his high...
Ancient Greek Science
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Ancient Greek Science

Ancient Greek science is a modern term for the application of systematic inquiry into the individual, the world, and the universe, which began in Ionia in the 6th century BCE with Thales of Miletus (l. c. 585 BCE) and continued through the...
Science
Definition by Cristian Violatti

Science

The term science comes from the Latin word scientia, meaning “knowledge”. It can be defined as a systematic attempt to discover, by means of observation and reasoning, particular facts about the world, and to establish laws connecting...
Greek Mathematics
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Greek Mathematics

Greek mathematics, the study of numbers and their properties, patterns, structure, space, apparent change, and measurement, is said to have originated with Thales of Miletus (l. c. 585 BCE) but was clearly understood during the periods of...
The Four Elements
Image by Mana Lesman

The Four Elements

The Four Elements. Painting by Mana Lesman. Used with the permission of the artist.
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