Search Results: Baldwin spencer

The Battle of Marj Ayyun (10 June 1179, also given as the Battle on the Litani) was a military engagement between Baldwin IV, King of Jerusalem (r. 1174-1185) and Saladin, Sultan of Egypt and Syria (r. 1174-1193). Saladin decisively won the...

A 13th century CE illustration of the famous English knight Sir William Marshal (c. 1146-1219 CE) unseating Baldwin Guisnes. (From the Historia Major of Matthew Paris, Cambridge, Corpus Christi College Library, vol 2, p. 85)

Edessa (modern Urfa), located today in south-east Turkey but once part of upper Mesopotamia on the frontier of the Syrian desert, was an important city throughout antiquity and the Middle Ages. A city within the Seleucid Empire, then capital...

Join World History Encyclopedia as they chat with medievalist Katherine Pangonis, all about her new book Queens of Jerusalem, the Women Who Dared to Rule. Kelly: Do you want to start off by telling us what your book is all about? Katherine...

Issues in the modern-day regarding gender identity and civil rights for members of the LGBTQ community are a relatively recent phenomenon as are the terms 'homosexual' and 'heterosexual'. In ancient societies, there was no distinction made...

King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem toppling an enemy at the Battle of Montgisard, illustration from MS 45 f. 198r. Estoire d'Eracles (Bk XXI, 27), late 13th century. Bibliothèque municipale, Épinal.

An illustration portraying Sif, a golden-haired goddess in the Norse pantheon. She was associated with earth but was married to Thor, the god of the sky and thunder. Sif is a relatively little-known figure who appears mainly in the Poetic...

The Montreal Castle (Al-Shaubak) in Jordan was a Crusader castle built by Baldwin I, king of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1115 CE. The castle protected the caravan routes from Damascus to Egypt.

From Thebes, Egypt 19th Dynasty, c. 1275 BCE The judgement of the dead in the presence of Osiris This is an excellent example of one of the many fine vignettes (illustrations) from the Book of the Dead of Hunefer. The scene reads...

Rostam, Yazdegerd III's general, slain by Sa'd, the son of Vaqqâs the Arab, illustration from the Tarjumah-i Shâhnâmah (Translation of Shahnameh into Turkish, Spencer Coll. Turk. MS. 1), 1616-1620. New York Public Library, Digital Collections...