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Esarhaddon
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Esarhaddon

Esarhaddon (r. 681-669 BCE) was the third king of the Sargonid Dynasty of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. He was the youngest son of King Sennacherib (r. 705-681 BCE), and his mother was not the queen but a secondary wife, Zakutu (also known as...
Zakutu
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Zakutu

Zakutu (l. c. 728 - c. 668 BCE) was the Akkadian name of Naqi’a, a secondary wife of Sennacherib of Assyria (r. 705-681 BCE). Though she was not Sennacherib's queen, she bore him a son, Esarhaddon, who would succeed him. She may have ruled...
Neo-Assyrian Empire
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Neo-Assyrian Empire

The Neo-Assyrian Empire (912-612 BCE) was the final stage of the Assyrian Empire, stretching throughout Mesopotamia, the Levant, Egypt, Anatolia, and into parts of Persia and Arabia. Beginning with the reign of Adad Nirari II (912-891 BCE...
Ashurbanipal
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Ashurbanipal

Ashurbanipal (r. 668-627 BCE, also known as Assurbanipal) was the last of the great kings of Assyria. His name means "the god Ashur is creator of an heir" and he was the son of King Esarhaddon of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. In the Hebrew Tanakh...
Sargonid Dynasty
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Sargonid Dynasty

The Sargonid Dynasty was the last ruling house of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 722-612 BCE, beginning with the reign of Sargon II and ending with fall of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Some of the most famous kings in the history of Assyria come...
Assyria
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Assyria

Assyria was the region located in the ancient Near East which, under the Neo-Assyrian Empire, reached from Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) through Asia Minor (modern Turkey) and down through Egypt. The empire began modestly at the city of Ashur...
Library of Ashurbanipal
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Library of Ashurbanipal

The Library of Ashurbanipal (7th century BCE) is the oldest known systematically organized library in the world, established in Nineveh by the Neo-Assyrian king Ashurbanipal (r. 668-627 BCE) to preserve the history and culture of Mesopotamia...
Sam'al Stele of King Esarhaddon
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Sam'al Stele of King Esarhaddon

This commemorative basalt stele depicts the Assyrian king Esarhaddon worshiping gods and symbols of gods. The king's left hand holds a royal mace and two ropes. These ropes pass through the lips of two captives. The kneeling smaller figure...
King Esarhaddon
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

King Esarhaddon

A close-up view of the upper part of the so-called Victory Stele of Esarhaddon depicting the Assyrian King Easrhaddon praying in front of symbols of deities. Basalt. Neo-Assyrian Period, circa 671 BCE. From the citadel at Sam'al/Zincirli...
Sennacherib
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Sennacherib

Sennacherib (r. 705-681 BCE) was the second king of the Sargonid Dynasty of Assyria (founded by his father Sargon II, r. 722-705 BCE). He is one of the most famous Assyrian kings owing to the part he plays in narratives in the biblical Old...
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